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- WORLD, Page 50AMERICA ABROADHow Israel Is Like Iraq
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- By Strobe Talbott
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- To hear Saddam Hussein tell it, he and the leaders of Israel
- are involved in similar altercations with the United Nations
- over real estate. In most respects, the comparison is as
- invalid as it is invidious. Most, but alas, not all.
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- Israel's occupation of the West Bank and the Gaza Strip
- began 23 years ago quite differently from Iraq's annexation of
- Kuwait in August. Jordan attacked Israel and forfeited the West
- Bank. A series of Labor-led governments held on to the
- territory for two defensible reasons: as a buffer against
- another Arab onslaught and for bargaining leverage in
- negotiations.
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- But once the Likud bloc came into dominance in the late
- '70s, an additional motive that had been lurking on the fringes
- of Israeli politics moved front and center: irredentism -- one
- state's claim, rooted in history, to the land of another. So
- Israel's policy today does indeed have something in common with
- Iraq's. Saddam says that since Kuwait and Iraq were part of the
- same province under the control of the Ottoman Turks, they
- should be rejoined now. For their part, many Likud leaders
- believe that since the West Bank was ruled by Israelites in
- biblical times, not one square inch should be traded away as
- part of an Arab-Israeli settlement. Yitzhak Shamir's talk of
- "Greater Israel" is as ominous for the prospects of there ever
- being real and lasting peace in the region as Saddam's
- militant nostalgia for Nebuchadnezzar's Babylonian empire.
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- The original case of irredentism, the desire of Italian
- nationalists to seize lands governed by Austria -- Italia
- irredenta, or unredeemed Italy -- was a complicating factor in
- World War I. Nor does the trouble necessarily end when
- irredentists achieve their goals. Tibet, after centuries under
- the sway of China, declared complete independence in 1913, only
- to be invaded by Chinese troops in 1951. Largely as a result,
- India and China fought a border war in 1962.
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- Even when irredentism does not lead to open conflict between
- countries, it tends to cause misery and injustice within them.
- The occupying powers are so intent on righting old wrongs done
- to their ancestors that they commit new wrongs against the
- people now living in the disputed territory.
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- Only in the Middle East would a nation's most notorious
- warrior become -- all too enthusiastically, it seems --
- Minister of Housing. Ariel Sharon has an apparent mandate to
- treat zoning as the conduct of war by other means. He is busily
- creating "new facts," in the form of Jewish settlements, on the
- West Bank. Saddam too is in the new-facts business with his
- systematic obliteration of Kuwaiti nationhood.
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- To be sure, Saddam's methods are far more ruthless than
- Sharon's, but Israel's human and political dilemma is more
- acute than Iraq's. Because Israel is, in origin and essence,
- a Jewish state, most Arab residents are never going to feel
- that it is truly their country. That problem is vexing enough
- within Israel's pre-1967 borders, where the population is 82%
- Jewish. But on the West Bank and Gaza Strip, 1.7 million
- Palestinians constitute an overwhelming majority that will feel
- forever oppressed forever cheated, never reconciled, never
- redeemed.
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- The one-sidedness of the carnage on the Temple Mount two
- weeks ago -- 19 Arabs dead -- bespeaks a state of affairs that
- brutalizes all concerned. For now the Palestinians are the
- principal victims. But in the long run, the casualties of Likud
- irredentism will include David Ben-Gurion's ideal of Israel as
- "a light unto the nations," perhaps even the viability and
- credibility of Israel's democracy, and certainly its support
- from the rest of the world.
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